Total Stations

A total station is a modern electronic/optical instrument used in surveying and construction. It integrates an electronic theodolite (for measuring angles) with an electronic distance meter (EDM) to measure both angles and distances. 

Components

• Electronic Theodolite: Measures horizontal and vertical angles.
• Electronic Distance Meter (EDM): Measures the distance from the instrument to a specific point.
• Microprocessor: Processes measurements and performs calculations.
• Storage: Stores data for later transfer to a computer.
• Display: Shows measurement readings and other data.
• Control Panel: Interface for operating the instrument.
• Telescope: Allows the user to visually target a specific point.

Functionality

• Angle Measurement: The theodolite part of the total station measures horizontal and vertical angles using a rotating telescope.
• Distance Measurement: The EDM measures the distance by sending a laser or infrared beam to a target and calculating the time it takes for the beam to return.
• Coordinate Calculation: Using the angles and distances, the total station calculates the coordinates of the point being measured.
• Data Storage and Transfer: Measurements are stored electronically and can be transferred to a computer for further processing.

Advantages

• Accuracy: Provides high-precision measurements.
• Efficiency: Combines multiple functions into one device, speeding up the survey process.
• Data Integration: Can store and transfer data easily, facilitating integration with CAD and GIS software.
• Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of applications in surveying and construction.

Operating a Total Station

• Setup: Set up the total station on a tripod over a known point, ensuring it is level.
• Targeting: Use the telescope to sight the target.
• Measurement: Record angles and distances to calculate the position of the target point.
• Data Recording: Save the measurements in the total station's memory.
• Post-Processing: Transfer data to a computer for further analysis and map creation.

Applications

• Topographic Surveys: Creating detailed maps and plans.
• Construction: Setting out construction sites, ensuring structures are built according to design.
• Geodetic Surveys: High-precision surveys for national and regional mapping.
• Engineering Projects: Monitoring and aligning large structures like bridges and tunnels.
• Land Surveying: Defining property boundaries.

The SISCO advanced total station is now available for sale, offering precision at an affordable price. It features two measurement ranges and multiple accuracy options, making it perfect for land surveying needs. The inclusion of laser pointing and non-prism ranging directly at the target point enhances convenience and accuracy, making it easier to find and measure target points efficiently.